Jessie Wifi Client
Debian uses systemd to start wpa_supplicant, and networkd to get a dhcp or static IP on that network.
Scan for a network
ifconfig wlan0 up
# Scan for available networks
iwlist wlan0 scan
In this case I'm connecting to "default" which is an open network:
Cell 03 - Address: c0:ff:ee:c0:ff:ee Mode:Managed ESSID:"default" Channel:2 Encryption key:off Bit Rates:9 Mb/s
To connect to this open network manually for just this boot:
iwconfig wlan0 essid "default"
You can use the iwconfig command to determine if you have authenticated to an access point. Before connecting it will show something similar to this:
# iwconfig wlan0 wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"default" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.417 GHz Access Point: c0:ff:ee:c0:ff:ee Bit Rate=1 Mb/s Tx-Power=20 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:off Link Quality=70/70 Signal level=-34 dBm Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0
If you are connecting using WEP, you will need to define a network key:
iwconfig wlan0 essid "default" key "yourpassword"
If you are connecting to WPA you will need to use wpa_passphrase and wpa_supplicant:
mkdir /etc/wpa_supplicant/
wpa_passphrase the_essid the_password >> /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf
Now that you have the configuration file, you will need to start the wpa_supplicant daemon:
wpa_supplicant -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlan0.conf -B
This will typically come back with:
root@ts-imx6-q:~# wpa_supplicant -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -B Successfully initialized wpa_supplicant root@ts-imx6-q:~# [ 306.924691] wlan0: authenticate with 28:cf:da:b0:f5:bb [ 306.959415] wlan0: send auth to 28:cf:da:b0:f5:bb (try 1/3) [ 306.968137] wlan0: authenticated [ 306.978477] wlan0: associate with 28:cf:da:b0:f5:bb (try 1/3) [ 306.988577] wlan0: RX AssocResp from 28:cf:da:b0:f5:bb (capab=0x1431 status=0 aid=9) [ 307.009751] wlan0: associated [ 307.012768] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan0: link becomes ready [ 307.047989] wlcore: Association completed.
As with open networks you can now use "iwconfig wlan0" and verify an "Access Point" is specified as well as the link quality to verify connection.
Now you are connected to the network, but this would be close to the equivalent of connecting a network cable. To connect to the internet or talk to your internal network you will need to configure the interface. See the #Configuring the Network for more information, but commonly you can just run:
dhclient wlan0
You can also configure systemd to automatically set up wpa_supplicant on startup.
# Assuming you used the same path for the wpa conf file as shown above
systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlan0
systemctl start wpa_supplicant@wlan0
Once this service is started it will bring up the wlan0 link and associate it to your access point, but you still need to configure tcp/ip. You can configure the IP settings the same way as a wired network.
In /etc/systemd/network/wlan0.network
[Match]
Name=wlan0
[Network]
DHCP=yes
For a static configuration you would create a config file for that specific interface. /etc/systemd/network/wlan0.network
[Match]
Name=wlan0
[Network]
Address=192.168.0.50/24
Gateway=192.168.0.1
DNS=192.168.0.1
For more information on what options are available to configure the network, see the systemd network documentation.